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      海南茄衣烟叶质量特征及其与土壤化学性状的关系

      Quality Characteristics of Hainan Wrapper Tobacco Leaves and Their Relationships with Soil Chemical Properties

      • 摘要: 调查海南儋州、昌江、白沙、东方、五指山产区茄衣烟叶质量和土壤化学性状,并对两者之间的关系进行相关分析。结果表明:(1)五指山产区茄衣烟叶外观质量加权评分最高,儋州、昌江、白沙产区分别在烟叶均匀性、完整度、成熟度方面得分显著低于五指山产区;五指山产区叶片厚度和叶质重显著高于昌江和白沙,白沙产区烟叶含梗率最高,昌江产区烟叶拉力最大;烟叶中氯、硫、钾、钙、镁等矿质元素含量在产区间存在差异;各产区烟叶感官质量差别较大,白沙和五指山总分显著高于其他产区。(2)海南植烟土壤呈弱酸性,不同产区土壤化学性状差别明显,五指山土壤养分总体丰富,有机质含量最高,儋州土壤阳离子交换量和昌江有机质含量最低,东方土壤有效氯含量最高。(3)烟叶身份、脉相、叶片结构与土壤化学性状显著或极显著负相关,外观总得分与土壤全磷含量显著正相关,与土壤交换性钙极显著正相关;烟叶物理特性与土壤速效钾和有效硼含量显著相关,土壤有机质含量显著影响烟叶糖含量,烟叶氯含量与土壤有效氯、有效磷含量显著正相关;烟叶熟练度、干净度及甜润度与土壤全磷含量显著正相关。因此,海南优质茄衣生产应采取分区施策、合理调控土壤养分等措施提高烟叶质量。

         

        Abstract: This study analyzed the quality characteristics of wrapper tobacco leaves and their associated soil chemical properties in the growing areas of Danzhou, Changjiang, Baisha, Dongfang, and Wuzhishan in Hainan, while conducting a correlation analysis to evaluate their relationships. The results indicated that: 1) The weighted score for the appearance quality of cigar wrapper tobacco leaves in Wuzhishan was the highest, while Danzhou, Changjiang, and Baisha scored significantly lower than Wuzhishan in leaf uniformity, integrity, and maturity, respectively. The leaf thickness and leaf mass per unit area in Wuzhishan were significantly higher than those in Changjiang and Baisha. The stem content of leaves in Baisha was the highest, and the tensile strength of leaves in Changjiang was the highest. There were differences in the contents of mineral elements such as chlorine, sulfur, potassium, calcium, and magnesium in tobacco leaves among different growing areas. The sensory quality of tobacco leaves varied greatly among different growing areas, with Baisha and Wuzhishan achieving significantly higher total scores than the other growing areas. 2) In Hainan tobacco growing areas, the soil was weakly acidic. There were significant differences in soil chemical properties among different growing areas. Wuzhishan exhibits the most abundant soil nutrients overall, along with the highest organic matter content. In contrast, the cation exchange capacity in Danzhou soil and the organic matter contents in Changjiang soil were the lowest, while the available chlorine content in Dongfang soil was the highest. 3) The body, branch vein condition, and leaf structure of tobacco leaves were significantly or extremely significantly negative correlated with soil chemical properties. The total appearance score was significantly positively correlated with soil total phosphorus content and extremely significantly positively correlated with soil exchangeable calcium. The physical characteristics of tobacco leaves were significantly correlated with the contents of soil available potassium and effective boron, while soil organic matter content significantly affects the sugar content of tobacco leaves. Additionally, chlorine content of tobacco leaves was significantly positively correlated with soil available chlorine and available phosphorus. Furthermore, leaf maturity, cleanliness, and sweetness were significantly positively correlated with soil total phosphorus content. Therefore, to produce high-quality wrapper tobacco in Hainan, region-specific management strategies and rational regulation of soil nutrients should be implemented to enhance leaf quality.

         

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