高级检索

      不同香型区烟叶烘烤工艺特征及工艺指标的关联分析

      Flue-Curing Process Characteristics of Tobacco Leaves in Different Fragrance Ecological Regions and Correlation Analysis of Process Parameters

      • 摘要: 为科学优化不同区域烟叶的烘烤工艺,运用物联网技术采集清甜香型、蜜甜香型、焦甜焦香型、清甜蜜甜香型典型产区烟叶烘烤过程的烤房干湿球温度数据779烤次,分析了不同香型区中部和上部烟叶烘烤过程的时间、湿度等工艺指标的相互关联性及应用烘烤前期工艺指标预测后期工艺管理的可行性。结果表明:(1)各香型区烟叶烘烤总时间的中位值在170~220 h,多数香型区上部叶的烘烤总时间和变黄期时间较中部延长5~15 h,多数香型区烘烤的变黄期、定色期、干筋期三阶段时间占烘烤总时间的比例约为45%、35%和20%,焦甜焦香型区烘烤总时间和变黄期相对延长,清甜蜜甜香型区则与之相反。(2)部分香型区烘烤过程的湿球温度呈现先上升后下降再上升的“N型”趋势,清甜蜜甜香型区湿球温度起点较其他香型区高1~3 ℃且整个烘烤过程基本稳定,从变黄后期开始,各香型区上部叶烘烤过程的湿球温度较中部叶低,焦甜焦香型区表现最为明显。(3)多数香型区烘烤过程变黄后期~定色前期的湿球温度与烘烤时间管理密切相关,变黄后期湿球温度下降(上升),变黄期时间相对缩短(延长),定色期时间相对延长(缩短)。(4)利用不同香型区烘烤工艺数据和逐步回归分析方法,可建立烘烤定色期至干筋期的湿球温度预测模型,决定系数在0.65以上。综上,不同区烟叶的烘烤工艺调控差异明显,变黄后期~定色前期湿球温度波动大、定色期湿球温度偏低是多数香型区烘烤工艺的共性问题,变黄后期~定色前期的湿球温度调控与烘烤过程工艺管理密切相关,应加以重视。

         

        Abstract: To scientifically optimize the curing process for tobacco leaves in different regions, this study utilized IoT technology to collect dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperature data from 779 curing batches across typical production areas with distinct flavor types: fresh-sweetness, honey-sweetness, burnt-sweet and burnt, fresh-sweet and honey-sweet. The analysis focused on process indicators including time management and humidity control during the curing of middle and upper leaves in different fragrance ecological regions. Building on the interrelationships between curing parameters, the feasibility of predicting process indicators was explored. Key findings include: (1) Median total curing duration across fragrance ecological regions ranged 170-220 h. Upper leaves generally required 5-15 h longer total curing and yellowing period duration than middle leaves. Time allocation ratios for yellowing, color-fixing, and stem-drying periods averaged approximately 45%, 35%, and 20% respectively. The burnt-sweet and burnt fragrance ecological region showed extended total curing and yellowing periods, contrasting with the fresh-sweet and honey-sweet fragrance ecological region. (2) Wet-bulb temperature in some flavor regions exhibited an N-shaped trend (initial rise → decline → secondary rise). The fresh-sweet and honey-sweet fragrance ecological region maintained higher initial wet-bulb temperatures (1-3 ℃ above others) with greater stability. Upper leaves generally showed lower wet-bulb temperatures than middle leaves, with significant differences emerging from late yellowing period in the burnt-sweet and burnt fragrance ecological region. (3) In most fragrance ecological regions, wet-bulb temperature during late yellowing to early color-fixing periods significantly correlated with time management: temperature decrease (increase) during late yellowing corresponded to shortened (extended) yellowing duration and extended (shortened) color-fixing duration. (4) The prediction model of wet-bulb temperature from the color fixing period to the stem-drying period can be established by using the curing process data of different flavor areas and stepwise regression analysis method, and the determination coefficient is above 0.65. In summary, there are obvious differences in the regulation of tobacco curing process in different areas. The large fluctuation of wet bulb temperature from the late yellowing period to the early color fixing period and the low wet bulb temperature in the color fixing period are the common problems in the curing process of most aroma-type areas. The regulation of wet bulb temperature from the late yellowing period to the early color fixing period is closely related to the process management of the curing process, which should be paid attention to.

         

      /

      返回文章
      返回