Abstract: By systematic investigation, the main disease types, distribution and incidence degree in Shaanxi tobacco growing areas from 2010 to 2014 were surveyed. The survey results indicated that there were 16 main diseases, which involved 6 fungal diseases including tobacco damping, brown spot, tobacco black root rot, grey mould, tobacco powdery mildew and tobacco black shank. There were 3 kinds of bacterial diseases including tobacco bacterial wilt, tobacco wildfire and tobacco angular leaf spot. Also included was 5 viral diseases which were the disease of cucumber mosaic virus, potato virus Y, tobacco etch virus, tobacco mosaic virus and tobacco vein banding mosaic virus. The nematode disease which was included in the main diseases was tobacco root nematode. The climate type spot disease, a non-infectious disease was included too.