Abstract: The relationship between chromatic aberration parameters and surface cell morphological indexes of flue-cured tobacco was investigated in order to provide technical basis for rapid evaluation of tobacco microstructure and quality by chromatic aberration methods. The chromatic aberration parameters and surface cell morphology indexes (cell area, cell perimeter, cell shape factor and cell density) of 10 locations of primary flue-cured tobacco leaves were measured by colorimeter, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Photoshop software, and Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis were carried out between the chromatic aberration parameters and the cell morphological indexes. The results showed that:①For Yunyan87 C3F flue-cured tobacco leaves, the lightness value L^* and surface cell density were high at the leaf base and leaf tip, and low in the middle of the leaf. The redness value a^*, yellowness value b^*, total color difference value △E and surface cell area, perimeter, and shape factor were low at the leaf base and leaf tip, high in the middle of the leaf. ②The L^* value was significantly negatively linearly correlated with cell area, perimeter, and shape factor, and positively linearly correlated with cell density. The a^*, b^*, △E values were significantly positively linearly related to cell area, perimeter, and shape factor, and negatively linearly related to cell density. There is a strong correlation between the chromatic aberration parameters of tobacco leaves and their surface cell morphology indexes, which provides a technical basis for the chromatic aberration method to predict cell morphology on the surface of tobacco leaves.