Abstract: To clarify the effect of deep vertical rotary tillage on tobacco-planting soil improvement and its application in flue-cured tobacco production, the dynamic changes of pH and physicochemical properties of tobacco-planting soil under deep vertical rotary tillage and traditional tillage methods, as well as their effects on root growth, aboveground growth, dry matter accumulation, economic characteristics and chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco were studied. The results shoed that, (1) The deep vertical rotary tillage can increase the soil pH by 0.14-0.16 in 10~40cm plough layer, which is beneficial to improve the effect of lime modification of acidic soil.(2) The deep vertical rotary tillage can reduce soil bulk density by 0.11-0.12 g/cm³, improve soil porosity by 4.66-6.81 percentage point, increase soil organic matter by 1.5-1.93 g/kg, improve the effectiveness of soil nitrogen and potassium in the middle and later period of the flue-cured tobacco field. (3) The deep vertical rotary tillage can promote the development of flue-cured tobacco root system, is conducive to the aboveground tobacco growth in the middle and later period of the flue-cured tobacco development. (4) The deep vertical rotary tillage is conducive to the accumulation of tobacco dry matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium; the traditional cultivation method is conducive to the accumulation of tobacco stem matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium accumulation and tobacco nicotine accumulation. (5) The deep vertical rotary tillage can improve yield by 14.42% and output value by 12.42%, and improve leaf potassium content of flue-cured tobacco. The deep vertical rotary tillage can deepen soil plough layer, perfect physicochemical property of tobacco-planting soil, enhance the effect of improver application, promote growth of flue-cured tobacco, and increase the benefit of tobacco planting.