臭椿等20种植物粗提物对烟蚜的杀虫活性

梁倩; 李春燕; 单正威; 秦赵曦; 胡勇; 刘蔚漪

doi:10.13496/j.issn.1007-5119.2020.00.131

臭椿等20种植物粗提物对烟蚜的杀虫活性

Study on the Insecticidal Activities to Myzus Persicae of Extracts from Twenty Plant Species

摘要

摘要: 为筛选对烟蚜具有显著杀虫活性的植物资源，采用浸渍法测定了20种植物粗提物对烟蚜的室内毒力活性。结果表明，浓度为48.83 mg/L时，节节草（Equisetum ramosissimum）、秃疮花（Dicranostigma leptopodum）和臭椿（Ailanthus altissima）粗提物24 h校正死亡率均在50%以上，分别为53.33%，56.67%，74.67%，臭椿粗提物对烟蚜的校正死亡率最高。比较20种植物粗提物处理烟蚜的LC₅₀值，臭椿、秃疮花、节节草和曼陀罗（Datura stramonium）杀虫活性较强，LC₅₀值依次为26.618，29.179，41.484和87.741 mg/L，均小于100 mg/L，臭椿粗提物的杀虫活性最强。研究结果为烟蚜的生物防治以及植物资源的科学利用提供理论依据。

Abstract: In order to screen plant resource with significant insecticidal activities against M. Persicae, the effects of laboratory bioassays of 20 plant extracts to M. persicae were investigated by the immerse leaf method. The results showed that when the concentration was 48.83 mg/L, the 24 h corrected mortality of the extracts from Equisetum ramosissimum, Dicranostigma leptopodum and Ailanthus altissima were 53.33%, 56.67% and 74.67% respectively. It was found that 20 plant extracts exhibited various levels of insecticidal activities against M. Persicae. The pesticidal activities of A. altissima, D. leptopodum, E. ramosissimum, and D.stramonium were significantly higher than that of other tested extracts and the LC₅₀ were 26.618, 29.179, 41.484, and 87.741 mg/L, respectively. The results provide theoretical basis for biological control of M. persicae and scientific utilization of these 20 plant resources.

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