Abstract: Tobacco is a crucial economic crop in China. Pests and diseases are one of the primary challenges to tobacco production safety, marked by their diverse species, broad distribution, sudden outbreaks, and severe damage. Confronting the dual challenges of tobacco diseases, and agrochemical overuse in China, State Tobacco Monopoly Administration launched a series of technological projects since 2016, including the “Key Scientific and Technological Projects for Green Control of Tobacco Diseases”. Through institutional innovation, theoretical innovation, technological innovation, and product creation, this national-scale intervention aims to reveal the disaster laws of disease occurrence, innovate key technologies and products for green control of diseases, construct a promotion system for green control technology of diseases, providing technical support for promoting green and high-quality development of agriculture. Building upon global research advancements, this study conducts a systematic evaluation of China's progress in green disease control technologies following the project implementation. Through comparative analysis of domestic and international methodologies, we assess the program’s effectiveness in enhancing agricultural productivity while preserving ecological balance. Furthermore, we propose future research directions to optimize integrated pest management systems and strengthen sustainable farming practices.