Abstract: The effects of four methods of returning straw to soil on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied in rice field. The results showed that returning straw with dolomite powder to soil could improve flue-cured tobacco leaf quality remarkably, and reduce the occurrence of plant diseases and insects. Application of rice straw without composting as a basal fertilizer did not have beneficial affect on tobacco growth and leaf quality. When applying rice straw to rice field as a basal fertilizer, no significant difference in effect was observed between treatment with or without straw composting.